Wide-Area Backup Protection Using Sparse Synchronized/Unsynchronized PMU Measurements

This paper proposes a wide-area backup protection (WABP) method for transmission systems using sparse synchronized/unsynchronized PMU measurements. The is aimed at addressing practical challenges such as temporary loss of the time-synchronization signal (LTSS), coverage, and communication failures latencies. A linear computationally efficient formulation proposed to identify faulted line in near real-time based on superimposed-circuit concept. An index that quantifies mismatch degrees between expected observed superimposed phasors without requiring full network observability. can work well with unsynchronized measurements imposing significant computational burden. achieved by canceling out effect angle drifts caused LTSS from equations. Since no matrix inversion involved, do not result singularity, thus, unsolvability technique assess feasibility faulted-line identification given set PMUs. Being robust against measurement parameter errors, performs PMUs different reporting rates regardless fault distance, type, resistance. More than 200,000 simulations conducted IEEE 39-bus test system verify effectiveness WABP method.